Countable Nouns / Sayılabilen İsimler
Bu isimler oldukça basittir, bunları tek tek sayabiliriz. Bu nedenle anlaması kolaydır. Örneğin book; biz kitapları sayabiliriz, a book, one book, two books. Aşağıda sayılabilir isimlerle ilgili örnekler göreceksiniz.- dog, cat, animal, man, person
- bottle, box, litre
- coin, note, dollar
- cup, plate, fork
- table, chair, suitcase, bag
- My cat is playing.
- My cats are playing.
- A whale is an animal.
- I want an orange.
- Where is my book?
- I like oranges.
- Bottles can break.
- I've got some dollars.
- Have you got any pens?
- I've got a few dollars.
- I haven't got many pens.
- There is one person.
- There are four people.
Unountable Nouns / Sayılamayan İsimler
Sayılamayan isimler, tam olarak sayamadığımız veya saymamızın çok zor olduğu isimlerdir. Bu isimleri gruplayarak sayabiliyoruz. Örneğin "milk" sözcüğünü sayamayız ama "a bottle of milk" dediğimizde "bir bardak süt" şeklinde sayabiliriz.- music, art, love, happiness
- advice, information, news
- furniture, luggage
- rice, sugar, butter, water
- electricity, gas, power
- money, currency
- This news is very important.
- Your luggage looks heavy.
- a piece of news
- a bottle of water
- a grain of rice
- I've got some money.
- Have you got any rice?
- I've got a little money.
- I haven't got much rice.
Hem Sayılabilen Hem de Sayılamayan İsimler
İngilizce'de her iki grubada giren sözcükler vardır. Bunlar anlam bakımından cümle içinde kendini belli eder ve biz bunları o şekilde kullanırız. Örnek olarak tabloya bakın.Countable | Uncountable | |
There are two hairs in my coffee! | hair | I don't have much hair. |
There are two lights in our bedroom. | light | Close the curtain. There's too much light! |
Shhhhh! I thought I heard a noise. | noise | It's difficult to work when there is too much noise. |
Have you got a paper to read? (= newspaper) | paper | I want to draw a picture. Have you got some paper? |
Our house has seven rooms. | room | Is there room for me to sit here? |
We had a great time at the party. | time | Have you got time for a coffee? |
Macbeth is one of Shakespeare's greatest works. | work | I have no money. I need work! |
Uyarı: İçecekler (coffee, water, orange juice) sayılamaz olarak kullanılırlar. Ancak biz "a cup of, a bottle of" olarak düşünerek örneğin bir restoranda bunları sayılabilen isimler gibi kullanabiliriz.
- Two teas and one coffee please.
Quantifiers / Miktar Bildiren Sözcükler
Quantifier | Example | |
Sayılabilen isimlerle kullanılanlar | a few | There were a few friends at the party.She hates reading so she has a few books. |
many | He has many friends.There are many cars in the park. | |
Sayılamayan isimlerle kullanılanlar | a little | It drinks a little milk.There is a little jam in the bowl. |
much | She has much money.I think you put much milk. | |
Hem sayılabilen hem sayılamayan isimlerle kullanılanlar | a lot of | There are a lot of people at the concert.I’ve a lot of work to do. |
any | She doesn’t have any pets.There isn’t any sugar at home. | |
some | There are some pencils.There is some chocolate in the cake. |
a few
Sayılabilir sözcüklerle kullanılır. “Çok az” anlamına gelir.- There were a few friends at the party.
- He is a liar so he has a few friends.
- She hates reading so she has a few books.
- The dog has a few bones.
a little
Sayılamaz sözcüklerle kullanılır. “Çok az” anlamına gelir.- I have a little money. I am poor.
- It rains a little here in winter.
- It drinks a little milk.
- There is a little jam in the bowl.
some
Sayılabilir ve sayılamaz sözcüklerle kullanılır. “Biraz” veya “birkaç” anlamına gelir.- There are some students in the class.
- There are some pencils.
- There is some chocolate in the cake.
- There is some fruit on the table.
many
Sayılabilir sözcüklerle kullanılır. “Çok” anlamına gelmektedir.- I have got many books.
- He has many friends.
- There are many cars in the park.
- I have many CDs.
much
Sayılamaz sözcüklerle kullanılır. “Çok” anlamına gelmektedir.gelmektedir.- There is much milk in the bottle.
- The meal needs much yoghurt.
- She has much money.
- I think you put much milk.
a lot of
Sayılabilir ve sayılamaz sözcüklerle kullanılır. “Çok (fazla)” anlamına gelir.- I’ve a lot of work to do.
- She has a lot of fish.
- There are a lot of people at the concert.
- He eats a lot of apples.
any
Sayılabilir ve sayılamaz sözcüklerle, olumsuz ve soru tümcelerinde kullanılır. “hiç” anlamına gelir.- I haven’t got any close friends.
- She doesn’t have any pets.
- There isn’t any sugar at home.
- Have you got any borthers?
İngilizce Video Anlatım
Sayılabilen ve sayılamayan isimler hakkında bahsedeceklerim bu kadar, eğer daha da detaylı bilgiler bulursam onları da yazıma ekleyip, güncelleyebilirim.
İyi çalışmalar.
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